tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-65299810412166698132024-03-17T19:58:28.099-07:00Cutting Edge ConversationSeco Tool's expertise-driven technical blog about Metalcutting tools, trends and processes for the advanced manufacturing industry.Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.comBlogger89125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-61130574735776909942019-11-27T07:36:00.000-08:002019-11-27T07:36:06.656-08:00Feedmax™ -P Goes Above and Beyond Typical Hole Drilling Technology<br />
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Manufacturers typically look to universal drills to help
reduce the need to maintain large, diverse tools stocks. However, a
one-size-fits-all solution often cannot provide the tool life or cutting speeds
of tools optimized for a given application or material. To meet the needs of
manufacturers for whom performance and tool life are the most critical factors,
Seco developed the Feedmax™ -P, which incorporates geometric features optimized
for superior surface finishes and the highest productivity in iron and steel. </div>
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Designed to run at extreme speeds and feeds, the Feedmax™ -P
has large tapered flutes and straight cutting edges to ensure greater strength
and efficient heat dissipation. The precise location of the through-tool
coolant holes and the larger flutes quickly and efficiently evacuate chips, and
the need for pecking is eliminated when the machine maintains appropriate
coolant pressure. For this drill design, Seco engineers placed the through-tool
coolant holes as close as possible to the ideal position on the cutting edge. </div>
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With narrow land margins, the Feedmax™ -P reduces friction
and diminishes the wear of the connection between land margin and corner
chamfer to promote better chip formation and decreases heat generation. This
geometric feature also minimizes the risk of chipping, which gives the drill a
more predictable tool life and higher application security.<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></div>
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To further improve the performance of the Feedmax™ -P, Seco
Tools utilized a special double-layer TiAIN (titanium aluminum nitride) coating
to increase the drill’s oxidation resistance. A thick bottom layer promotes
heat dissipation while the top layer helps prevent built-up edge. In addition
to proper heat dissipation and good edge retention, this double-coating process
promotes excellent adhesion and eliminates flaking to promote long tool life<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">. </span></div>
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<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Thanks
to its advanced TiAIN coating and strong point geometry, the </span>Feedmax™ -P
makes cutting <span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">speeds
of 623 feet/min possible in SMG P5 without sacrificing tool life. </span>But
to reap the full benefits of the Feedmax™ -P’s advanced holemaking
technologies, shops must set up the drill properly and run at the correct
speeds and feeds. When they do, the performance of the Feedmax™ -P amazes most
users. More impressive still, those basic parameter values are actually relatively
conservative based on the actual performance capability of the drills. By
following the recommendations, manufacturers can achieve highly effective chip
evacuation and enjoy the full value of their tool investment. </div>
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</style>Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-38975937276248984972019-10-28T11:59:00.000-07:002019-10-31T11:33:22.421-07:00Achieve Cutting Perfection at Every Trochoidal Turn<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">By: Don Halas, <span style="background: white; color: black;">Product Manager, Threading and Grooving API
at Seco Tools</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">When machining costly components, such as those
for steam and gas-turbines, process security is vital, in particular when it comes
to grooving. The operation is one of the most challenging when machining these
components because many of their features limit accessibility, while being made
from heat-resistant super alloys and stainless materials often results in high
and irregular cutting forces, vibration, poor chip control and residual
stresses within the components.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">But there is a way to overcome these challenges.
The solution is multi-directional turning (MDT) and grooving along with a
trochoidal turning technique. MDT allows you to turn a workpiece in both
directions when grooving and profiling – providing approach options for working
around odd part features, while trochoidal turning is basically the same as its
milling counterpart but done in a grooving operation. This is an area where
Seco excels, and our comprehensive metal cutting solutions have perfected the
trochoidal turning process, making it a more productive and profitable metal
cutting solution. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">The trochoidal turning technique prevents chip
jamming, vibration and residual stress for overall improved process security. During
the operation, radial depths of cut are reduced to 15% of the insert diameter,
so chip thickness is significantly less and feed rates are higher.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">In trochoidal milling, the cutting tool creates a
slot wider than its cutting diameter using a series of circular cuts, or a
trochoidal tool path. The technique ensures that an optimal chip load is
maintained, producing ideal chip widths and thicknesses,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Trochoidal turning is best performed with round
or conical inserts<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">, and</span><span style="color: #c00000;"> </span>Seco provides a major advantage over other tools
performing trochoidal turning maneuvers because our unique Secoloc</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">ä</span></span><span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> clamping method
combines a V-shaped top clamp with serrated contact surfaces between the
underside of the insert and the toolholder. Our MDT line is universally
suitable for a variety of applications including grooving, profiling, turning,
parting-off and threading. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">When a customer is cutting a costly component,
such as a jet engine part, they want to feel secure that their holding insert
will not be separated from the holder pocket. Our full round insert is designed
for the high temperature super alloys that would quickly wear other inserts
during turning operations. Such a strong and stable tooling system helps shops
reap the trochoidal machining benefits of reduced cutting pressure, better chip
control and longer tool life. Plus, the process makes it possible to produce <span class="st">extremely small, complex, tight-toleranced and thin-walled precision
components out of the difficult-to-machine materials used in the aerospace and
power generation industries. </span></span></div>
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</style>Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-84361465085418055002019-10-03T06:08:00.000-07:002019-10-03T06:08:37.737-07:00How Many Flutes Does My End Mill Need?
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An end mill with a higher flute count isn't a better tool
unless it's the best match for the job at hand. To offer ideal performance, end
mill flute counts need to match three characteristics of each job, including
the capabilities of the machine tool, the properties of the material and the
design of the part. When you select your tools, evaluate these criteria on a
case-by-case basis.</div>
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First, look at the capabilities of your machine. High flute
counts typically mean high feed rates, which heavy-duty, high-horsepower
equipment with lower RPMs can't maintain. Instead, for these machines, select
end mills with lower flute counts that incorporate larger chip gullets or flute
cavities, the chip evacuation spaces between cutting edges.</div>
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These end mills work best for applications such as full
slotting, which engages the full tool diameter and takes large radial
stepovers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although it's possible to use
a tool with a high flute count for slot milling, it's more efficient to
approach the task with three or four flutes and make use of the larger spacing
among them for good chip evacuation.</div>
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Conversely, machine tools with lower horsepower and higher
RPMs typically struggle to complete the kinds of heavy roughing involved in
full slotting with lower flute-count end mills. Instead, these machines' forte
lies in tasks that require fast feed rates and lighter radial stepovers and
jobs with lower chip volumes that can evacuate efficiently through the smaller
chip gullet of a higher flute count end mill.</div>
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Workpiece material forms the second criterion in end mill
selection. The more freely a material cuts, the more chip volume it creates, so
aluminums, plastics, soft steels and non-ferrous materials need low flute count
tools and stepovers as high as 50% of tool diameter.</div>
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At the other end of the scale, super alloys typically work
best with higher flute counts because these materials are more difficult to
cut. In fact, attempting to cut challenging materials such as Inconel 718 with
a four-flute end mill and full slotting will produce disappointing results. The
hard material will create premature tool wear, and the heat generated from this
type of heavy milling will work harden the material, changing its molecular
structure and making it even more difficult to cut.</div>
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Heat transfer from overly aggressive cutting adds stresses
that cause the material to bend, flex or twist, which then requires secondary
processes to remove the stress and straighten out the part. To avoid that
scenario, hard materials that push back need shallower depths of cut and
lighter stepovers with six or seven-flute tools. Higher flute counts produce
the higher cutting pressures necessary to machine these materials without heat
transfer.</div>
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Along with machine characteristics and material properties,
part design also becomes a consideration in end mill selection. High-speed
machining with large depths of cut, high feed rates and wide radial stepovers
produces excellent results with lower flute counts on simple 2D outside
profiles. Complex multi-level 3D features, however, need lower speeds and feed
rates for the small, precise moves with higher flute-count tools to produce
these highly dimensional contours.</div>
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By the numbers, shops can generalize about flute counts in simple
terms. Four-flute designs suit slot milling and ultra-heavy cuts with high
radial stepovers and large metal removal rates. New designs of five-flute end
mills have come as close as any tools to offering a universal option, with the
ability to produce reasonably high MRR and take on anything from slot milling
to side mill finishing. Six, seven and nine-flute end mills suit machines with
fast lookaheads, high feed rates, high RPMs and lower horsepower create less
byproduct heat in parts and do a great job with difficult-to-machine materials.</div>
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In the final analysis, the best end mill suits the job at
hand, and that means choosing the flute count that's right for the combination
of machine, material and workpiece characteristics. When our customers face tool
selection challenges, the <a href="https://www.secotools.com/article/54423?language=en">Seco Tools Tec Team</a>
always can help determine which end mill will offer the best machining
performance possible.</div>
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</style>Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-19741255727558537042019-09-30T11:01:00.000-07:002019-09-30T11:01:24.222-07:00Turn to a Fine Balance Between Hardness and Toughness<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyTVZdzPThoeEzMtYklEDczir2Rk-9NhcJYOPz-SOX-mbq65xwF_I_WHa79ecSwFGP1RAodj6YAGWnpUEeAplH5LfcEUen0Tq8RxbIQtX3DzMkfDBNngoAvSjmjtLqL3kPc2HceZhoD2I/s1600/016852_HQ_IMG_PCBN_Hard_Part_Turning_Grades_With_Product_Background_Thumbnail.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyTVZdzPThoeEzMtYklEDczir2Rk-9NhcJYOPz-SOX-mbq65xwF_I_WHa79ecSwFGP1RAodj6YAGWnpUEeAplH5LfcEUen0Tq8RxbIQtX3DzMkfDBNngoAvSjmjtLqL3kPc2HceZhoD2I/s320/016852_HQ_IMG_PCBN_Hard_Part_Turning_Grades_With_Product_Background_Thumbnail.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<br />
At first, hardness and toughness may seem like
interchangeable concepts, but they actually exist at opposite ends of a
continuum that defines indexable and solid tool performance, particularly when
it comes to carbide inserts. For any given application, there is an optimal
balance of hardness and toughness – and Seco has worked diligently to offer a
range of tools that can meet the diverse needs of manufacturers. </div>
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Hardness represents wear resistance, which translates to a
tool's ability to withstand byproduct heat during metal cutting. The
temperature resistance that correlates with hardness plays a huge role in
cutting tool behavior and selection, particularly when temperatures can easily
rise above 1,400° F in the cutting zone. Hard carbide can withstand and
dissipate those temperature levels and, therefore, handle the high heat
generated in continuous cutting. However, high hardness levels can make metal
brittle, which explains why heat-resistant carbide tools tend to chip in
situations that produce large amounts of pressure or vibration.</div>
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At the other end of the continuum, toughness represents
pressure and impact resistance, which correlate with a tool's ability to
withstand high feed rates, heavy depths of cut and the impact associated with
interrupted cuts. In exchange for durability, however, tough carbide becomes
vulnerable to heat, which makes it less than ideal for high-speed, continuous
cutting. </div>
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To find the perfect balance between toughness and hardness,
shops can use tool behavior to help find and correct factors that cause shorter
tool life or unexpected breakage. For example, inserts that develop large
craters in continuous cutting applications show their lack of wear resistance
and indicate the need for a harder tool. Conversely, if a hard grade fractures
in a continuous cut, wear analysis quickly shows the need for a tougher tool
instead. In these instances of tool fracture or breakage, shops should also evaluate
the condition of the toolholder along with the stability of the machine tool
itself and the part setup.</div>
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With the increased focus on hard part turning, shops also
need to decide whether to machine before or after a material reaches its
hardened state – and make cutting tool selections that match the hardness of
their materials. In a "green" state, many materials test at half the
hardness they demonstrate after hardening, with an obvious effect on tool selection,
life and behavior. </div>
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Additionally, case-hardened and through-hardened materials
present two very different hardness scenarios. Case hardening creates a hard
surface with potentially softer material underneath it, while through hardening
produces a uniformly hardened workpiece. In these cases, depth of cut plays a
vital role in tool selection because it determines whether the task requires an
insert that can cut hard or less-hard material.</div>
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Cutting tool manufacturers strive to support their
customers' success with innovative tools and thorough support for informed tool
selection. Seco Tools continues to develop grades, geometries and coatings that
handle new materials with excellent results, and to add new performance options
for existing materials. Our Tec Team (tec-team.us@secotools.com) always stands
ready to guide customers toward optimal selections for individual and unique cutting
tasks.</div>
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</style>Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-66274084962845570492019-09-17T07:21:00.000-07:002019-09-17T07:21:26.829-07:00Dynamic Duo for Aerospace: Rough With Ceramic, Finish With Carbide<br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">By Aaron-Michael Eller
and Scott Causey of Seco Tools</i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEInE_uoglvSeUzwAwNneKFmQQvh6G9zyKTk2xgigaQqpViQ2ZfnCoXWuShy98OY1BeaiF2rgusEX0HEbbKT2gU4Y0QJo0CA1GTvivkTO736WbM1zjmLtwD1yVakbOzM4Igk5qsIGhM_w/s1600/image.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="800" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEInE_uoglvSeUzwAwNneKFmQQvh6G9zyKTk2xgigaQqpViQ2ZfnCoXWuShy98OY1BeaiF2rgusEX0HEbbKT2gU4Y0QJo0CA1GTvivkTO736WbM1zjmLtwD1yVakbOzM4Igk5qsIGhM_w/s320/image.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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--></style>The superalloys found in turbine blades, jet engines and
other critical aerospace components are some of the most difficult-to-machine
materials in manufacturing, a fact that has driven the development of advanced
cutting tools and materials. However, strict regulations and the materials’
physical characteristics often require the use of standard processes performed
with standard carbide. As a result, the aerospace industry can find itself
caught between a regulatory rock and cost-effectiveness hard place – unless manufacturers
use an approach that brings conventional and advanced tooling together in one
process. </div>
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Everything from aluminum and boron to yttrium and zirconium
can be found in superalloys, which are formulated specifically to maintain the
structural integrity of aerospace components exposed to extreme temperatures.
As a result, the optimal cutting tools for these materials are usually made of
ceramics, which possess outstanding heat resistance that enables cycle times
that are up to 10-15 times faster than carbide in turning applications. The
round inserts often used for these applications also offer two to three times
more cutting edges than the equivalent conventional solution and feature
excellent tool life, making it ideal for the demanding aerospace market. </div>
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<br /></div>
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At the top speed of applications using ceramic inserts,
however, enough heat is generated that the metal is essentially plasticized, a
problem for aerospace components. Because flight-critical parts must meet
stringent regulatory standards, the fact that advanced ceramic tooling creates
heat-affected zones and a brittle white layer in the material necessitates a
different approach for finishing. Instead, manufacturers simply stick with
ceramics for roughing and switch to carbide for finishing. But when white layer
formation itself isn’t an issue, Seco offers specific PCBN grades for
nickel-based materials that can finish at speeds six to eight times faster than
the equivalent carbide tool. </div>
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<br /></div>
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When parts absolutely must be finished with carbide, a
requirement for working with some companies in the industry, manufacturers can
still achieve superior results by pairing that carbide with Jetstream Tooling<sup>®</sup>.
When roughing with ceramics, air blasting is generally sufficient for chip
control, but for the high tolerances and surface finish requirements for
flight-critical components, high-pressure coolant is the best way to keep chips
and temperature controlled for an optimally finished part.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Of course, in the fast-moving world of the aerospace
industry, the next leap forward in materials science may only be a few years or
months away. Already, carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) and powdered
metals used for additive manufacturing processes are presenting new challenges
for aerospace shops. To maximize productivity in the face of untested
materials, turn to your tooling supplier, as Seco works closely with its
customers as well as partners in the materials industry to find the cutting
parameters, geometries, lead angles and grades that can achieve cost-effective
results. Find out more at <a href="https://www.secotools.com/article/83977?language=en">www.secotools.com</a>.</div>
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</style>Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-43655339709528614832019-08-30T08:45:00.000-07:002019-08-30T08:45:30.592-07:00Look For a Partner, Not Just a Supplier
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjto_34Wj8TklH79f9xfpKDEUmxZmbHfDBkF8YJyPdqCLB2VSXQbp0437ZJX92rnQlf7ptW31EmSdR5D-UKAA87Yl_2zo4M_tqz26gY2Xfr02Psz1pJg58FgdbmTEt4NyR9yKAXMeDwVSU/s1600/015842_HQ_IMG_Improvement_And_Process.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="961" data-original-width="1600" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjto_34Wj8TklH79f9xfpKDEUmxZmbHfDBkF8YJyPdqCLB2VSXQbp0437ZJX92rnQlf7ptW31EmSdR5D-UKAA87Yl_2zo4M_tqz26gY2Xfr02Psz1pJg58FgdbmTEt4NyR9yKAXMeDwVSU/s320/015842_HQ_IMG_Improvement_And_Process.jpg" width="320" /></a>The ever-increasing pace of technological innovation across
the world makes this an exciting time for consumers – and creates endless new
challenges for manufacturers. Advanced materials, complex part shapes and
demanding customer schedules mean that arriving at the optimal solution can be
incredibly time consuming. And with the industry changing more and more every
day, simply keeping up with the news of advances in manufacturing technology
can be a full-time job, much less integrating that technology into your shop.</div>
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What we can’t do alone, however, we can often accomplish
together. That’s why many manufacturers develop close partnerships with
suppliers – and at Seco, we pride ourselves on working directly with our
customers to overcome any and all part-production challenges. From the initial
design and R&D phases to the final runoff that proves the process, our team
has the expertise necessary to help manufacturers find and deploy the
cutting-edge technology necessary for exceptional productivity.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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In many cases, this process can be as easy as picking up the
phone and talking to a distributor or using the Suggest tool on secotools.com.
Our comprehensive range of solutions covers virtually all metalcutting
applications, operations and materials, with new products released every year
to help meet the needs of the rapidly evolving manufacturing sector. Whether
it’s new tool geometries specifically engineered to save hours on aerospace
holemaking or reengineered high-feed milling cutters that improve productivity
and control a new process’ literally deafening noise, Seco has tools designed
to meet nearly every need.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Our trusted manufacturing partners aren’t just customers,
however – they often provide crucial assistance in tooling development. Many of
our customers are pioneers in their respective fields, and when they begin
creating the processes of the future, we collaborate on the required solutions.
With our closest partners, Seco often begins participating in the R&D
process as early as possible, and the resulting tools often find their way into
our catalog.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Of course, not every new process has the wide applicability
that results in new standard products. Our Custom Products and Engineered
Solutions teams can create completely custom solutions for unique metalcutting
applications, all designed to meet your specifications. Tools often involve
trade-offs like hardness vs. toughness, but with custom tools, that balance can
be precisely tuned to your application to create a truly optimal process. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Contact your local Seco distributor today at
secolocator.com to learn more about how we can work together to solve your
biggest manufacturing challenges. </span><!--EndFragment--><br />Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-19786763707798155062019-08-08T14:07:00.002-07:002019-08-08T14:07:33.429-07:00Three Tips for Threading Success
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<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLRN7-DWuS79dWkAJYTwhKOu0I2MiRaALx_ldOSPsqDZn3zRf348pL5zrTFhTpmiasbMLjbPWPYaOc7PQgnSIsaO1j0f6vBJNGenytINENAbUaeXIaGHt2c66qu7MxbwV2qQYKC9dMRNU/s1600/018157_HQ_IMG_Thread_Turning_Application_RGB.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="533" data-original-width="800" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLRN7-DWuS79dWkAJYTwhKOu0I2MiRaALx_ldOSPsqDZn3zRf348pL5zrTFhTpmiasbMLjbPWPYaOc7PQgnSIsaO1j0f6vBJNGenytINENAbUaeXIaGHt2c66qu7MxbwV2qQYKC9dMRNU/s400/018157_HQ_IMG_Thread_Turning_Application_RGB.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Often the
last step in part production, threading operations can’t be redone or repaired
– if it fails, the part is scrapped. To avoid these losses and realize the
highest level of threading productivity, you have the make the right decisions
about every aspect of the operation. Here are three tips to guide you toward
correct choices and profitable threading:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">#1: Tool selection and use are
critical.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">The
process of threading begins with making a thread form on a spiral, which
usually involves spirals that get smaller and tighter as parts become smaller
in diameter – on larger diameters, the spirals get larger or even vertical. To
make a proper thread, the tool insert must track the spiral correctly
throughout a bore. Start with the proper anvil or helix angle in the
toolholder, and if necessary, insert a shim seat underneath the insert to
improve tracking, eliminate tool chatter and produce better gauging that creates
a better thread.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">When it
comes to superalloys and other extremely hard materials like carbide or CBN,
however, new techniques have been developed to help manufacturers thread
workpieces in a hardened state, which eliminates time-consuming thread grinding
and the need for potentially thread-distorting heat treatment following
machining. To maintain cost-effective tool life, highly precise internal
coolant, such as that available from Seco Tools’ <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secotools.com/article/m_7102?language=en">Jetstream Tooling®</a></span>,
can control chips, improve surface finishes and stabilize threading without the
need for external hoses, fittings and spare parts that diminish productivity
and raise costs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">#2: Chip control can make or break
threading operations.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Long,
stringy chips that wrap around a toolholder can damage the tool's inserts and
reduce their functional lifespan. Of course, re-indexing one or more inserts
can correct the chipping problem and enable the threading process to resume,
but needless re-indexing also wastes tool life. And if chips damage the thread
itself, they can doom a part to the scrap pile. Additionally, when a chip
becomes stuck inside a part during internal threading, an operator can sustain an
injury attempting to fish out the chip and rescue the part, while a part loader
or other robot can easily be stopped dead in its tracks after getting tangled
up in chips.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Naturally,
Jetstream Tooling® serves as an ideal general-purpose solution for chip control
in threading operations, but in some materials, including stainless and other
challenging steels, advanced coating chemistry and tool geometry can be vital
to keeping chips flowing. For example, Seco’s <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secotools.com/article/87554">TTP2050</a></span> grade offers
alternating nano-laminate PVD layers of wear-resistant titanium aluminum
nitride (TiAlN) and titanium silicon nitride (TiSiN), while the -A geometry is
optimized specifically for effective chip control. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">#3: Machine tool defaults may not
be ideal for your task.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Machine
tools ship with default modes preset on their CNC controllers, some of which produce
more threading passes than a job may require. Machines also typically make
radial in-feed their default cutting mode, which causes high cutting forces –
and the resulting chatter and vibration – due to the insertion of the tool
straight into the material. To avoid poor chip control and marred surface
finishes, it's important to choose a cutting mode that uses only as much
cutting force as the job requires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Seco has
committed itself to helping you resolve threading questions, match tools with
specific workpiece materials – especially challenging options such as
high-temperature alloys – and troubleshoot causes of chatter and vibration. For
the easiest route to threading success, the <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secotools.com/dashboard/Suggest/Suggest">Suggest</a></span> tool,
part of the Seco website’s My Pages digital portal, produces customized
recommendations for threading tasks. And for personalized help, be sure to
reach out to your Seco representative or visit SECOTOOLS.com.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<!--EndFragment--><br />Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-43125270049335684502019-07-29T07:12:00.001-07:002019-07-29T07:15:10.305-07:00Slow Down to Speed Up: Understanding Optimized Roughing<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<i>by Jay Ball, Product Manager Solid Milling - North America, Seco Tools, LLC</i><br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuJUDkuK8B6EZ1pgd43ncE552r_lLMfKfWknwv5cJl4ZXXa7JO_TxkK3B3_0dSieW4zf0DsZbMZnKOuPQHHuchWymLpox_vP8TNyqVJyzD31yj8tsT-IykBic0Mzqs0IhSlDEMODht4e4/s1600/roughing+image.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1063" data-original-width="1600" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuJUDkuK8B6EZ1pgd43ncE552r_lLMfKfWknwv5cJl4ZXXa7JO_TxkK3B3_0dSieW4zf0DsZbMZnKOuPQHHuchWymLpox_vP8TNyqVJyzD31yj8tsT-IykBic0Mzqs0IhSlDEMODht4e4/s400/roughing+image.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
Modern machine tools provide an ideal platform for achieving the benefits of optimized roughing, but many shops continue to miss out on its advantages. This strategy's up side includes longer tool life, better surface finishes, shorter cycle times and reduced machine wear, but it tends to intimidate many machinists because it takes them outside their comfort zones.<br />
<br />
Knowledge is power, and it's tough to implement any productivity method unless you understand it. That's the big barrier for many shops with high-speed machine tools: the mistaken belief that if your equipment can go fast, it always should run at its highest possible speed. If that were true, we'd drive to the grocery store at 110 mph because that’s the top speed of most automobiles.<br />
<br />
For machine tools, the flaw in the "always as fast as possible" philosophy is simple, once you think about it: Depending on the part design, the equipment actually can't sustain its highest speeds and feeds throughout a cut path. When spindle speeds are kept high, the cutting tool’s angle of engagement increases through complex features and in corners. But those high RPMs force feed rates and stepovers both to drop. This combination of high spindle speed and slow feeds produces the classic scenario in which a cutting tool/end mill rubs rather than cuts, producing heat and friction that induce premature tool wear – and that scenario impedes proper chip development as well.<br />
<br />
Tell machinists to slow their machine RPMs so they can speed up their overall cycle times, and they most likely won't believe it. Yes, it sounds counterintuitive, but when RPMs match sustainable feeds and stepovers, shops achieve better results – including more than 50% longer tool life in many cases. Simply put, matching speeds with feeds maintains a constant chip load.<br />
<br />
Along with the "need for speed" and its impact on machining results, some shops also fail to grasp the logic of the optimized roughing process. They understand that producing good parts typically means making good chips, but they're not clear on the connection between optimized roughing and its results.<br />
<br />
What shops often do know, however, is that their part surface finishes are subpar and their tool wear is high. Typically, they're engaging the full diameter of a cutter, creating a large angle of engagement, but they're not using the full length of the flutes. Changing the cutter engagement solves both problems: surface finish and tool wear. In fact, the best way to see how optimized roughing works is to implement it and look at its results.<br />
<br />
Just as it's important to remember the advantages of optimized roughing, it's critical to know when to apply the method in the first place. Not every part qualifies as a good candidate. Try engaging full flute lengths to machine a complex mold cavity, for example, and you quickly see that you'll never achieve a good chip load on this job with this approach. However, if you train yourself to think of optimized roughing when you see a part with straight prismatic walls, you'll be on the right path.<br />
<br />
As you look at your workflow, ask yourself whether you're matching speeds and feeds at sustainable levels. Look at the data coming from your equipment and see if your machines can run at the speeds you program, or if your hardware is trying to protect itself with reduced feeds and stepovers. This method works with any suitable workpiece and any type of tool, from the tiniest of diameters on up, provided that the part’s geometries and features allow it.<br />
<br />
Along with the information you're getting from your equipment, take a moment to talk through your needs with your machine tool supplier. Here at Seco Tools, we've developed reference tables that show you workable baseline values for speeds, feeds, angles of engagement and stepovers, values you can achieve with ease if you use the right approach to your machine tools. We're always happy to help our customers maximize their productivity. After all, what good is great hardware if it can’t be used effectively? Productivity and efficiency are the keys to profitability, and we want to see our customers succeed.</div>
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</style>Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-56655059757012733572019-07-10T13:52:00.000-07:002019-07-10T13:52:11.900-07:00How Chipbreakers Save Your Parts
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Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Mention"/>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">by Aaron-Michael
Eller, Product Manager - ISO Turning & Advanced Materials, Seco Tools<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiygbrfvCohJGgoDuVlPgTG-x15ITIrfwU5bK6smQ9r5K_e5LnA56ebrnRO3lHDCwmjjR1yaCII1zPw9U7UfSJB6XHytM0UubKB_21LGdQ1SIkkSzY9XH4fFNjQWFhlglsT7f0bxU8YBIo/s1600/005306_HQ_IMG_Turning_Application_Ceramics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="533" data-original-width="800" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiygbrfvCohJGgoDuVlPgTG-x15ITIrfwU5bK6smQ9r5K_e5LnA56ebrnRO3lHDCwmjjR1yaCII1zPw9U7UfSJB6XHytM0UubKB_21LGdQ1SIkkSzY9XH4fFNjQWFhlglsT7f0bxU8YBIo/s400/005306_HQ_IMG_Turning_Application_Ceramics.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Chipbreakers make critical contributions to machining
operations with turning inserts in ways that shops often overlook. First and
foremost, chipbreakers focus on the safety of everyone who works with or near
machining equipment. Long, stringy "bird's-nest" chips carry edges as
sharp as razor wire and can cause severe injuries to anyone who touches them,
let alone gets caught up in them. With the right chipbreakers, these hazards
never develop. Ideally, chips form tight conical curls about 1 inch long to
create maximum compaction in the chip hopper as they fall away from the
workpiece, into the evacuation system and away from the machine.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The right chipbreaker means fewer insert changes, less
rework and fewer opportunities for chips to make damaging contact with a
workpiece. Proper chip development and management eases the operator's task and
leads to longer tool life, which in turn promotes efficiency, productivity and
profitability. The right chipbreaker also enhances part quality and can deliver
a substantial cost savings. Which of these two parameters matters more to an
individual shop? That depends on workflow, job selection and part quantities.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In a facility that focuses on aerospace, medical or
automotive parts, with high finish requirements on every component, part
quality becomes the primary concern, even more than tool life, because of the
high value of each individual workpiece. Conversely, in a shop that produces
higher-quantity parts that demand less in terms of surface finishes and
specification tolerances, longer tool life equals fewer tool changes and longer
production runs for greater profits.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The reality of modern machining is that specific jobs
require equally specific tools, chipbreakers included. Consider the fundamental
differences between chipbreakers on roughing tools and finishing tools. On a
roughing insert, the chipbreaker sets slightly back of the cutting edge to add
strength and support heavier depths of cut or higher feed rates. At the
shallower depths of cut used in finishing processes, the chipbreaker sets
closer to the cutting edge to direct the chip off the workpiece and make it
form from the chipbreaker instead of burnishing the cutting edge of the insert.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
New developments in machine tools, materials and parts mean
new challenges for chipbreakers. High-speed machining prompts an overall push
to higher cutting parameters. Greater depths of cut and higher feed rates also
mean greater tool pressure, which raises machine load. Optimized lead angles
increase the engagement of the insert and raise metal removal rate at the same
time that they add security to the cutting edge. All of these considerations
increase the average thickness of the chip and make it easier for the chipbreaker
to do its job.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Increased feed rates, along with heavier depths of cut, assist
mechanical chip breaking. Engaging the entire edge of the insert helps reduce a
common failure mode called depth of cut notching, in which repeated cutting
action on one area of the insert creates a notch in the cutting edge and
drastically shortens tool life.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Abrasive materials, including workpieces produced through
additive manufacturing, also pose challenges for tools and chipbreakers.
Turning hard materials with the right chipbreaker causes few problems because
the material is easy to manage. By contrast, workpiece materials with transitions
between hard and soft surfaces can create bird's-nest chips at the transition.
All of these situations call for careful chipbreaker selection in consultation
with the manufacturer of the tools.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To achieve ideal results from chipbreakers, try new technologies
and don't hesitate to look beyond familiar chip breaking solutions. For
example, on our Secomax CBN inserts, Seco Tools offers a flowing radii chipbreaker,
which is laser machined to the cutting edge to allow for a continuous flow of
material off the insert and onto the chipbreaker. If we had ground the chipbreaker
instead of laser machining it, the process would require approaching the
workpiece from multiple angles to achieve the right profile, which causes sharp
edges and corners that don't allow for free chip flow. Before you begin your
next cut, let us help you think through your tooling and your approach. Seco
Tools Technical Sales Representatives can help customers solve their chip
breaking challenges, often over the phone.<o:p></o:p></div>
<!--EndFragment--><br />Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-89877158298102271602019-06-19T07:10:00.000-07:002019-06-19T07:10:11.974-07:00Hard Turning Perfects Finished Parts for Small-Batch Production
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCgahU4ARYZyIhMoAWMg_7tzujzZjSwbzos9gbDjbIiLD4iQS5QtsmLxaGdiujwPmw7iCJ3aEk8AOBrBEb-nhGUefP6O3mYDGfJylom_dkesyXmd4pm1t95E2gqo0ZEmnwXeK96abz6ZQ/s1600/017657_HQ_IMG_CBN_Turning_Application_2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="532" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCgahU4ARYZyIhMoAWMg_7tzujzZjSwbzos9gbDjbIiLD4iQS5QtsmLxaGdiujwPmw7iCJ3aEk8AOBrBEb-nhGUefP6O3mYDGfJylom_dkesyXmd4pm1t95E2gqo0ZEmnwXeK96abz6ZQ/s400/017657_HQ_IMG_CBN_Turning_Application_2.jpg" width="265" /></a></div>
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Shops that process high-volume automotive jobs often use
hard turning for finish work, but the cost of cubic boron nitride (CBN) inserts
makes this strategy look out of reach for smaller projects. New advances in the
efficiency of CBN insert technology make the tooling more efficient and cost
effective for small-batch jobs, enabling shops to skip the use of grinding
equipment altogether and gain the advantages of single-machine processing.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Finish work typically means moving workpieces to grinding
machines for secondary processing, but multi-process machines add economies of
scale, as one piece of equipment handles numerous processes in a single
clamping. Not only does that approach save time, but it also eliminates the
errors that can creep in when operators must unclamp and reclamp workpieces
back and forth from one machine to another.<o:p></o:p></div>
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If you're focused on upfront costs alone, this strategy
looks more expensive than the alternative. After all, CBN inserts for hard
turning can cost 10 to 20 times the price of conventional tooling, and that
disparity isn't likely to disappear, given the material costs involved. But a
machine with a fast spindle and CBN inserts that feature today's advanced geometries
can leverage tool life, cost per edge and overall productivity to produce up to
300 times more per-part cost effectiveness than conventional tooling.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Conventional wisdom suggests that adding more equipment also
adds more capabilities. That's true – but it's only more efficient if that
additional equipment performs functions that a shop's existing machines can't
handle. To keep up with high-mix, low-volume production, shops need versatility
and production flexibility. Lathes offer both, especially compared to grinding
machines – and when hard turning enables a lathe to rough and finish a
workpiece, even a less-advanced model can handle the work, provided that it
offers the rigidity and vibration damping necessary for good tool life with CBN
tooling. CBN tends to be more brittle than carbide or steel, so proper
stability and toolholding are a must for successful hard turning.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
Wiper geometries can make a big difference in machining at
the higher speeds and feeds necessary for hard turning. Because of those
machining parameters, heat develops at the insert edge and softens the surface
in the cutting zone, essentially plasticizing the workpiece surface. Coolant
extends tool life in these continuous cutting applications, so long as it
doesn't make contact with the hot tool tip, where it can cause thermal shock
and damaging microfractures.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Seco Tools offers numerous innovations in CBN tooling to
master new and challenging materials, including workpieces with transitions
between varying degrees of hardness. The Secomax™ Flowing Radii Chipbreaker,
for example, uses a new smooth radius chip breaker to handle those types of
hardness variations. We laser machine this chip breaker to give it a continuous
radius along the cutting edge, which promotes consistent chip formation and
evacuation as the tool moves from hard to soft surface areas.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Along with specialized chip breakers, we also maximize the
number of cutting edges with solid-style instead of brazed-tip inserts. Solid
inserts can feature as many as 20 cutting edges, compared with only between two
and eight on brazed-tip inserts. Several grades also feature bimodal
distribution of grain sizes to deflect cracks and extend tool life.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
CBN tooling brings high-end solutions to manufacturers who
previously skipped hard turning on smaller jobs because of the initial costs
involved. Shops that spend the additional amount up front can realize
substantial long-term savings – especially through process optimizations. Seco
Tools continues to build inserts that handle new materials, approaches and
challenges.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-59445503268490663112019-06-12T09:46:00.000-07:002019-06-12T09:46:48.491-07:00Maximize Tool Life in Micromilling<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">by Jay Ball, Product
Manager, Seco Tools LLC<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsQDczBwG81UTY1w6lrf_qMr_sXh9b6eZ3BImLLPA9snYU39OLyMqxZtlb4Aalqp-VU2zTPV70RHVAnLXJXbQCnFls-96t0Mb0aBTSxXv3xMQDsESgLIUSk3dPoI7retlh_ZWlxmQD3Dc/s1600/015102_HQ_IMG_JHF980_Application.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="345" data-original-width="459" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsQDczBwG81UTY1w6lrf_qMr_sXh9b6eZ3BImLLPA9snYU39OLyMqxZtlb4Aalqp-VU2zTPV70RHVAnLXJXbQCnFls-96t0Mb0aBTSxXv3xMQDsESgLIUSk3dPoI7retlh_ZWlxmQD3Dc/s320/015102_HQ_IMG_JHF980_Application.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
Micromilling compresses the challenges of maintaining tool
life into a tiny working scale at which the cutting edges of these tools
measure about the same size as the grain of the grinding wheels used to produce
them. Fortunately, micromilling typically does not create the harmonic
vibrations and chatter that often cause problems with long standard-size tools
or during heavy conventional roughing operations. Instead, the basics of maximum
micromilling tool life start long before the cut even begins, with criteria as
fundamental – and as diverse – as tool design and selection, toolholding and
material properties.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
A well-balanced, rigid toolholder and the proper selection
of machine tool feeds and speeds go a long way toward maximized micromilling tool
life, as does starting with the right machine tool – and the proper cutter for
the job – in the first place. Tool geometry improves surface finish and boosts tool
life, if the tool geometry matches the specific workpiece features at hand. Additionally,
coatings provide a thermal barrier to protect the tool from wear when it
machines extremely hard materials, and the alloy chosen for the tool substrate
makes a critical difference in terms of toughness, which helps promote a
greater bond between substrate and coating.<o:p></o:p></div>
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First and foremost, of course, alloy selection translates to
greater tool life when the properties of the tool match the hardness and
abrasiveness of the part material. Substrate hardness, particularly in carbide
tools, heads the list of criteria related to tool life. Hardened tool steels
run between 48 and 65 HRc on end mills and slightly lower on inserts. A tool
needs greater hardness than the material it cuts, and some materials present
two forms of hardness, one on the surface and the other below it. A material
with a hard surface and a hard, abrasive particle, for example, presents a
special challenge where tool selection is concerned because it cuts like a
harder material than its specifications indicate.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Along with tool-selection criteria, shops also must monitor such
parameters as toolholder collet-bore cleanliness, machine stability and
consistent operating temperature to ensure best results. A poorly cleaned,
neglected toolholder can harbor chips and grit that cut tool life when they
cause wear or interfere with secure clamping. For that matter, a subpar
toolholder chosen for its price alone and not for its clamping capabilities
will cause higher runout – and high TIR is the enemy of tool life. Runout of
only about 0.0004" will cut tool life in half, so drastic toolholder
economizing rarely yields the performance necessary for optimal tool life.<o:p></o:p></div>
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In addition to tool setups, shops need to make the right
choices in programming their equipment for micromilling. Today's machine tools
offer feeds and speeds that were considered impossibly high in the past, so
it's understandable that shops want to take advantage of such full capabilities
and run as fast as possible. But the intricate geometries of many micro
machining workpieces – complex mold structures, for example – require slower
speeds to keep up with the feed rates necessary for proper chip formation.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
If machine speed exceeds the point of proper chip formation,
the tool rubs instead of cuts the workpiece, pushing the material around and
roughing up the surface. Rubbing produces a visibly inferior surface finish and
makes for a difficult finish cut. With a proper chip load, the tool produces a
consistent finish that offers 50% more surface integrity, which reduces the
amount of additional work required to achieve completed parts. (Check out <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="http://cuttingedgeconversation.blogspot.com/2019/01/constant-chip-loads-let-your-micro.html">a
previously run Seco blog</a></span> that goes into greater depth on the
importance of maintaining constant chip load.)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal">
To maximize tool life and workpiece quality, therefore, shops
need to let feed rates determine machining speeds. As a general rule, a machine
tool should maintain its programmed feed rate for 80% of the expected cycle
time. When speeds and feeds prove unsustainable, reduced RPM and feed rate create
a sustainable working pace.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">To set up micromilling projects for success,
shops can rely on toolmaker data to help them optimize RPMs, feed rates and
chip production. Seco Tools develops and distributes cutting data that
represent optimal combinations of angle of engagement, feed rate, stepover,
surface footage value and material type, providing baselines that enable shops to
achieve micromilling part production success – and longer tool life – without all
the guesswork.</span><!--EndFragment-->
Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-47518832919401017342019-04-15T08:16:00.000-07:002019-04-15T08:17:57.574-07:00Cut the Chatter with Stabilized Machining Strategies<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Unstable milling processes produce chatter, vibration and runout that can destroy tools and ruin workpieces. In the quest for higher metal removal rates and increased part production, shops look for ways to elevate machining performance and eliminate any parameters that can introduce negative effects. The right choice of end mills can propel that quest for productivity into profitability – and tool design holds the key to taking full advantage of today's powerful milling machines without performance problems that curtail output.<o:p></o:p></div>
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On the list of troublesome milling issues, chatter ranks high, but identifying its source can require careful detective work. Overall, chatter can cause many woes, including the inability to achieve good surface finishes and work at high cutting speeds. The vibrations that cause chatter can stem from setup problems, including improper toolholding and poor-quality toolholding systems.<o:p></o:p></div>
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In some cases, however, the harmonics produced by the tools themselves can lead to chatter and pose a dramatic challenge to material removal. Most end-mill designs use symmetrical flutes with helix, rake and relief that match from flute to flute. This more-nearly conventional approach presents drawbacks because the highly regular impact of its cutting edges can lead to chatter.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Geometry that varies from flute to flute can go a long way toward promoting cutting stability, even at heavy depths, by squelching the resonant vibrations that stem from harmonic cycles. For example, our first-generation Niagara Cutter™ Stabilizer™ end mill varies tool geometry so each flute varies from the others.<o:p></o:p></div>
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To take the advantages of variable geometry to its fullest potential, however, would require production capabilities that tool manufacturers lacked – until recently. Today's production equipment and special programming approaches enable the creation of end mills with patented fully variable designs, including continuously variable rake, relief and helix for each flute. At the same time, new carbide compound formulas make the tool material itself more stable and less prone to deflection and runout, even when the tool is fully engaged.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The combination of continuously varying asymmetrical flute geometry and newly re-engineered flute shapes produces the edge strength and long tool life of <a href="http://niagaracutter.com/carbide-high-performance-index" target="_blank">Stabilizer™ 2.0</a>, with twice the MRR, chip load capacity, feed rates and productivity of the product's first generation, even in heavy roughing cuts on 50-taper milling machines. The special new flute design, with individualized flute cavities for each tool and each size, squelches chatter because it eliminates the vibrations that produce it while simultaneously improving chip evacuation.</div>
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Stabilizer™ 2.0 targets aerospace, power generation, automotive and general engineering applications including slot milling, side-mill roughing and finishing, face milling, high-performance optimized roughing, pocketing and ramping, with two tool series, each created to work with specific materials. The <a href="https://www.secotools.com/#article/67280">ST430.2</a> series focuses on steels, alloy steels, copper alloys and cast iron, while the ST440.2 HT series takes on stainless steels, steels with hardness values up to 42Rc, titanium and Inconel®. This universal end mill eliminates the need for shops to invest in an ever-increasing tool inventory to complete projects in wide-ranging materials and with traditional and advanced machining methods.</div>
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Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-804035767274676882019-03-26T12:32:00.000-07:002019-03-26T12:32:16.101-07:00GTDA Takes the Guesswork Out of Tool Life<div class="MsoNormal">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRWye916GM0uXVhaPuL9IKlgJ1Z1692uTjXBNN5MWypk08okE8L4VHOLsupBfcYkeJZ20EwCPVgytTWh2WY8K1kCH2Ci8oEDU5KoFE5jc5wA0sELJRiSg3uK0S6xEh7978-xtmyx2SYr4/s1600/GTDA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="598" data-original-width="800" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRWye916GM0uXVhaPuL9IKlgJ1Z1692uTjXBNN5MWypk08okE8L4VHOLsupBfcYkeJZ20EwCPVgytTWh2WY8K1kCH2Ci8oEDU5KoFE5jc5wA0sELJRiSg3uK0S6xEh7978-xtmyx2SYr4/s320/GTDA.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
In today’s era of high-mix/low-volume (HMLV) manufacturing production environments, traditional strategies for analyzing and correcting cutting tool failures can be nearly impossible to utilize. Comprised of short runs where cutting tools can be used across many distinct parts or part families, HMLV manufacturing strategies often involve various materials and characteristics that can make finding effective cutting parameters especially challenging. As a result, many manufacturers will prematurely change their cutting tools with every new setup to avoid any possible issues – a costly practice that prevents these shops from obtaining the full value of their cutting tools.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Instead of playing the tool life guessing game, we recommend taking a more holistic view of the manufacturing cycle to arrive at the best process and practices. To this end, Seco has developed a wear analysis methodology called Global Tool Deterioration Analysis (GTDA), which utilizes five core elements of manufacturing excellence to gain a better understanding of tool life across all areas of HMLV machining. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Overall Machining Processes</b> – By focusing on tool life alone, one misses the upstream and downstream effects of tool usage. For example, burrs typically have little to do with tool life, but their occurrence interrupts the manufacturing process due to secondary operations required to remove the burrs. As tool geometry directly impacts burr formation, a truly global tool deterioration analysis will examine its effects. To avoid time spent developing and implementing secondary or tertiary operations, it’s far superior to identify the root causes and correct them directly. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Production Economics</b> – Tools cost money, both in terms of total cost of goods sold and in terms of time spent on tool changeover and setup. A comprehensive analysis will go further and factor in related activities, like time spent acquiring and organizing tooling or loading programs into machines’ controls. To boost operational profitability, one must understand the various elements of the manufacturing process that contribute to production costs.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Waste Reduction</b> – Once you understand these production costs, you can begin to strategically address them. The following formula offers a useful way to track effective machining times in expressed as a percentage of the total time available:<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNUfOdSwub3LouuCXlfq6NrakBNz1uwYNuuVisELu3i7zMLTOMvFKVVy1AGWwHLXPAnxIA8CwsNvo5Um23tDRDrTQGzZUgZ7SK4vgb1SWU7g76pnYNM-UXK8ayn74-pb85WRrbOcUm58I/s1600/Screen+Shot+2019-03-26+at+3.00.07+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="GTDA" border="0" data-original-height="59" data-original-width="376" height="50" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNUfOdSwub3LouuCXlfq6NrakBNz1uwYNuuVisELu3i7zMLTOMvFKVVy1AGWwHLXPAnxIA8CwsNvo5Um23tDRDrTQGzZUgZ7SK4vgb1SWU7g76pnYNM-UXK8ayn74-pb85WRrbOcUm58I/s320/Screen+Shot+2019-03-26+at+3.00.07+PM.png" title="" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>TTA = Total Time Available for Machining<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>PD = Planned Downtime<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>UB = Unscheduled Breakdowns<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>CO = Changeovers<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>PI = Minor Production Interruptions<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>SP = Time Wasted on Scrapped Parts<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EMT = Effective Machining Time<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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While 100 percent effective machining time is not practically attainable, a thorough analysis will get shops far closer to that level.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Percentage Yield Goals</b> – In HMLV production environments, production yield can often be all or nothing. A successful single-part run represents 100 percent yield, but if the part fails quality assurance or a workpiece is ruined, the yield is zero. Because this first-time yield is critical, avoiding tool breakage is perhaps the most important consideration. Because tool wear can be a minimal concern in these short run situations, a shop can apply, within reason, more aggressive and productive cutting parameters. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Workforce Management</b> – Of course, HMLV production depends on human workers, who must be skilled technicians to efficiently adapt to the continually changing parts and cutting conditions characteristic of these new manufacturing paradigms. That means hiring different kinds of machine operators and investing more in their ability to think on their feet and solve problems in real time. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Seco also recommends that shops pair this on-the-fly problem solving and comprehensive analysis with an equally rigorous process for determining how tools are wearing. When combined with the other data, this Global Tool Data Analysis approach – a service offered by Seco Tools to help its customers achieve manufacturing success – results in a complete overview of what it will take to obtain a fully optimal process.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Smart Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hashtag"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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To learn more, visit the <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secotools.com/#article/85154?language=en">Seco Tools website</a></span> or <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://secoconsultancy.com/">Seco Consultancy</a></span> and find out how Global Tool Deterioration Analysis fits into a wider understanding of manufacturing best practices. <o:p></o:p></div>
Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-40158821408323429372019-02-13T11:17:00.000-08:002019-02-13T11:17:21.477-08:00Holemaking: When to Use Solid or Indexable Drills<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaKktI0NNvyK4VCf4l8akWNLcawHNoZQi7jFwq662xgoia4N8BaTg4GjVvVJJlpnJ_mmoWb3oagxxL81d-wrbiAixAUE9AdVW8ezWifxoRSAcJLQjHvCwhOmoO6MkZ8NCHcAlGKILP3II/s1600/holemaking2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="533" data-original-width="800" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaKktI0NNvyK4VCf4l8akWNLcawHNoZQi7jFwq662xgoia4N8BaTg4GjVvVJJlpnJ_mmoWb3oagxxL81d-wrbiAixAUE9AdVW8ezWifxoRSAcJLQjHvCwhOmoO6MkZ8NCHcAlGKILP3II/s320/holemaking2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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When you're faced with a decision between solid or indexable drills, the answer isn't whether you need one or the other: It's when each type becomes appropriate and on which types of jobs. Many shops miss out on improved drilling performance because they're unsure of these choices. Think through your materials, operations, hole size and drill performance when you make your selections, and you'll find the right choice for each situation.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Beyond material specifics, keep these considerations in mind during your tool selection process. First, solid drills typically run faster than indexable drills because they provide two effective flutes instead of one, and their split point offers good positioning because it centers and locates well. By contrast, the center insert on indexable drills saves time because it eliminates the need for a pilot hole.<o:p></o:p></div>
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An individual solid drill creates only one type of hole and tolerates a limited number of re-sharpening operations. An indexable drill handles a wide range of complex drilling situations with versatility. For example, to drill into solid stock; step over and punch holes; and create half holes, holes in corners, inner interruptions and cross holes, you need an indexable drill.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Size forms another criterion that helps you choose between solid and indexable drills. Solid drills rise in price as their sizes increase, whereas indexable drills put one insert's four edges to work creating large-diameter holes with minimized costs per cutting edge. Conversely, at small sizes, indexable drills become impractical because their screws and inserts shrink to sizes that become difficult to handle. When it comes to roughing and finishing, solid drills typically are used to produce finished holes, while indexable ones tend to excel in hole roughing operations.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Surface finish also plays a role in choosing drills. Although you may need to follow up both solid and indexable drills with a secondary operation to obtain very high-quality surface finishes, indexable drills typically work for roughing operations, requiring the use of a boring head and a reamer to obtain tighter tolerances. Solid drills typically achieve around 40 micron Ra in a single pass.<o:p></o:p></div>
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For fast productive holemaking, special optimized geometries on solid carbide drills are well suited for specific material groups. The <a href="https://www.secotools.com/#article/82901" target="_blank">FEEDMAX™ -P solid-carbide drill</a> from Seco Tools, for instance, is designed for iron and steel, and capable of running at extreme speeds and feeds. <o:p></o:p></div>
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In the case of indexable drills, you change inserts and chip breakers, instantly turning them into sharp, ready tools that can target a range of materials. Seco’s recently re-engineered <a href="https://www.secotools.com/#article/580" target="_blank">Perfomax® indexable drills</a> deliver higher drilling parameters and longer tool life along with exceptional chip control and evacuation.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<![endif]--> <!--StartFragment--> <span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The choice between solid and indexable drills isn't an either-or decision. It's a matter of selecting the right tool for a specific job. When you match your tools to your specific applications, your productivity, efficiency – and profitability – will soar. Tool manufacturers such as Seco Tools create products to give you the flexibility to accommodate each project with the optimal equipment.</span><!--EndFragment-->
Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-82842462004775836432019-01-25T07:04:00.000-08:002019-01-25T07:04:26.881-08:00Constant Chip Loads Let Your Micro Machining Tools Live Longer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrh3H_aN9s-KSv59dagu0zzAqBOOgyFCANm2EDKQSi8tpb6R_wv3KQKO4LdNx6FIKJZlA_XZnmtjK9dKUNM5pIfpjwVW5cNOqHP4SS-vIy9jjtOWvU5fkzjI5znoHVGyu3idE4kU78OK4/s1600/micro-machining.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="533" data-original-width="800" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrh3H_aN9s-KSv59dagu0zzAqBOOgyFCANm2EDKQSi8tpb6R_wv3KQKO4LdNx6FIKJZlA_XZnmtjK9dKUNM5pIfpjwVW5cNOqHP4SS-vIy9jjtOWvU5fkzjI5znoHVGyu3idE4kU78OK4/s320/micro-machining.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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As part features get smaller, the challenges loom large for manufacturers, particularly those in the mold and die industry. After all, when the cutting tools can be as small as a tenth of a millimeter in diameter, a stiff breeze might cause them to break. But even when micro machining processes are perfectly stable, they may be suboptimal in terms of tool life. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Advancements in coatings, carbide substrates and cutting geometries, such as those Seco and Niagara Cutter have incorporated into its latest solid end mills, have resulted in up to 40 to 50 percent longer tool life, but even the best tool will run into problems with dirty collet bores, ambient temperature changes or unstable machine foundations. Even a perfectly balanced tool will instantly run out of balance if its temperature drops a single degree. But perhaps the most important aspect of the micro-milling process to consider is chip load consistency. <o:p></o:p></div>
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It’s far less easy to measure chip load in micro machining, given that average chip thickness will likely be tenths of a thousandth of an inch. Unfortunately, many manufacturers approach micro machining as something best solved with high-rpm spindle speeds, a cutting strategy that can actually impact chip formation in a bad way. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Good chip formation requires a balance between speeds and feeds, but this can be deceptive at the micro level. Even the fastest machines fail to accelerate or decelerate fast enough to keep up with spindle speeds. The results are poorly formed chips, a subpar surface finish and sharply diminished tool life. The solution? Speed up to slow down. <o:p></o:p></div>
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It may sound like an oxymoron – how can you go fast by machining slower? – but after figuring out the average functional feedrate, a shop can then adjust the spindle speed down to the appropriate rpm. Even when depths of cut are as small as 0.001", the same mechanical actions, the same heat and pressure, is required to cut the chip instead of just pushing it around. <o:p></o:p></div>
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For example, a cutting program set to 40,000 rpm at 50 ipm is well within the range of advanced machine tools, but because of the short micro-milling cutting paths, it simply can’t feed that fast. Instead, the actual average speed is 25 ipm, and a reduction in spindle speed to 20,000 rpm reestablishes equilibrium and a constant chip load. <o:p></o:p></div>
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In developing these processes, trial and error is one option, but naturally, tooling OEMs are best equipped to help with these calculations. Given the huge range of materials and tools in use in today’s manufacturing industry, manufacturers will typically be the best resource for cutting data for unfamiliar materials. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Whether it’s components for lifesaving medical devices or the scored grip on the bottom of a tube of lip balm, manufacturers now need to generate the smallest of part features, often with molds. And as these molds continue to shrink in size, tooling manufacturers like Seco and Niagara Cutter will provide the techniques and tool geometries needed for the smallest cuts – and the biggest productivity boosts. <o:p></o:p></div>
Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-23358068287691233892019-01-09T06:28:00.000-08:002019-01-09T06:28:29.026-08:00Cutting Tool Coating Chemistry 101<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihA-ITtqOD0C2kir8wXgPYNhvPrjQYin5rRLvaznb8rOxrw9p3hP9u_LfFLuUpNP2LceXY3yPuzsPw32rO6CxqhP_q_Pq66TZw9P7P5eG_2Wt_T4Z_O0sG-vLVYt8mh0PNmQfKr3V6_CE/s1600/coatings.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="700" data-original-width="700" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihA-ITtqOD0C2kir8wXgPYNhvPrjQYin5rRLvaznb8rOxrw9p3hP9u_LfFLuUpNP2LceXY3yPuzsPw32rO6CxqhP_q_Pq66TZw9P7P5eG_2Wt_T4Z_O0sG-vLVYt8mh0PNmQfKr3V6_CE/s320/coatings.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
Manufacturers continually push the envelope in terms of materials and processes, which means that their tooling suppliers must do the same. As a result, inserts and solid tools alike now appear with a wide range of coatings in a muted rainbow of golds, blacks, silvers and blues. And each has its own complex grade designation and chemical formula. No matter how complex these coatings appear, however, one doesn’t need a degree in chemical engineering to understand how these materials work.<br />
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It helps that coatings are relatively new in metal cutting, with the first coated cemented carbide tools appearing in the 1970s. On the other hand, the main processes used to produce these coatings – physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) – have been known for centuries. PVD is a low-temperature process that creates a thin coating that protects and strengthens sharp edges, whereas CVD requires higher temperatures for a chemical reaction that leaves a thick, wear-resistant coating.<br />
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However, the only key difference between PVD and CVD involves how the coating material is initially vaporized in a process called sublimation, in which a material passes from the solid state to the gas state with no intermediate liquid stage. Typically, this material is titanium, which reacts with nitrogen and/or carbon during the coating process to produce titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbide (TiC), or titanium carbonitrides (TiCN). These innovations served as the foundation for most modern coatings.<br />
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Today, many tools and inserts feature titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN), which reacts with high temperatures to form a layer of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), which adds further hardness to the coating. Other coatings have introduced ceramics like silicon nitride (SiN), which particularly excel in high-temperature applications. And rather than use heat to force the formation of Al2O3, manufacturers have coated tools in it directly for the highest level of crater and chemical resistance at high speed and high temperatures.<br />
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While understanding the principles behind cutting tool coatings is simple, however, the finer details get increasingly complicated. For example, the <a href="http://duratomic.com/">Duratomic®</a> coating developed by Seco involves the molecular manipulation of coating components to produce a layer of 100% α-Al2O3, a stable crystalline structure similar to that found in sapphires and rubies. Duratomic is also one of many coatings that use multiple processes and materials to form layers of Al2O3 and various titanium compounds.<br />
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Luckily, tool manufacturers like Seco make it easy to use <a href="https://www.secotools.com/#article/86506">printed catalogs</a> or <a href="https://www.secotools.com/#dashboard/Suggest/Suggest">online tools</a> to find the right coating for a given material and application. To learn more, visit secotools.com or speak with your local Seco distributor.Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-21200132104834779562018-11-13T12:30:00.000-08:002018-11-13T12:30:03.598-08:00Making the Grade: How Insert Grades Work<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3UhZd_x1wQKpYVVE6dawLNYnsaJxly-OEYkz8ddY9Dq6Ex2mPwTEQB1U7mRN9AbM5mjTDHtNXdl2bzhjmN9d8lYzIWl18pbbWgCEuQtaCJ39xefuhcKQV0XYMr0LcdRxpHsHYPagP7Rc/s1600/how-insert-grades-work.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="726" data-original-width="861" height="269" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3UhZd_x1wQKpYVVE6dawLNYnsaJxly-OEYkz8ddY9Dq6Ex2mPwTEQB1U7mRN9AbM5mjTDHtNXdl2bzhjmN9d8lYzIWl18pbbWgCEuQtaCJ39xefuhcKQV0XYMr0LcdRxpHsHYPagP7Rc/s320/how-insert-grades-work.jpg" width="320" /></a>When it comes to optimizing your metalcutting operations, the first place to look is the point of contact: the cutting edge of the tool. And in modern manufacturing, that often means an insert. Most manufacturers understand the exterior features of an insert, like wiper flats, chipbreakers and other elements of an insert’s geometry. The grade, however, describes an insert’s surface treatment and interior composition, and it may be the most important aspect of how an insert performs in various materials. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Since the 1920s, cemented carbides – primarily made from an alloy of carbide, usually tungsten, and cobalt – have been the material of choice for inserts. And the ratio between the carbide and cobalt can be best understood as a compromise between toughness, or resistance to chipping and fracturing, and hardness, or the ability to resist wear and maintain an edge. The more cobalt, the greater the toughness; the more carbide, the greater the hardness. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Furthermore, many grades feature additional materials. For example, steels require much greater hardness, especially at high temperatures, and cubic carbides such as titanium carbide, tantalum carbide and/or niobium carbide can improve chemical stability or grain-size control to achieve that goal at the cost of reduced toughness. But for greater customization, inserts require coatings, most of which arose in the 1970s in order to further increase chemical stability and surface hardness.<o:p></o:p></div>
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In contemporary machining of ferrous materials, uncoated inserts have become rare. Instead, manufacturers opt to use a variety of coatings to achieve greater material removal rates. For thick coatings that include aluminum oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) creates highly wear-resistant inserts at the expense of toughness; physical vapor deposition (PVD) creates thinner coatings such as titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) that maintain inserts’ edge strength and smoothness at the cost of providing somewhat less protection from wear and cratering.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Some grades, such as those produced with Seco’s DURATOMIC™ coating process, have additional features that positively affect machining. DURATOMIC involves an <span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">a</span></span>-based Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> coating with uniquely arranged aluminum and oxygen atoms. This so-called “textured coating” produces a grade with improved mechanical properties and greater thermal and chemical inertness without a significant loss of hardness.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Other grades dispense with cemented carbide altogether. Cermet, a material with excellent build-up resistance produced by combining metals and ceramics, is ideal for creating high-quality surface finishes in stainless steels despite being somewhat less tough overall than coated carbides. Likewise, pure ceramics, polycrystalline cubic boron nitrides, polycrystalline diamond and diamond coatings have numerous advantages over typical cutting tool materials, but have alternate requirements that may interfere with upstream or downstream processes within the entire manufacturing cycle. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<![endif]--> <!--StartFragment--> <span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">How, then, should operators approach insert grade selection? The easiest solution is to rely on your tooling partners at Seco, which provides comprehensive, proven recommendations based on machining strategies and material properties. With the <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secotools.com/#dashboard/Suggest/Suggest">Suggest</a></span> tool at secotools.com, it’s easy to find the grade that’s perfect for your application, while our <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secotools.com/#article/86506">Machining Navigator</a></span> catalogs include all the information you need to find the right solution for your process. And should you have any questions, your <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.secolocator.com/">local Seco distributor</a></span> can help you find the answer. </span><!--EndFragment-->Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-22258387823169434092018-10-18T05:17:00.000-07:002018-10-18T05:17:56.249-07:00What Gives the Double Quattromill Its Face Milling Aggressiveness?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2y1ML1e6YrPpgeZzcXUqaPycwI44pgf8I3P7rMFuwqpPDhsofITldGgsIVseUJjyitrS8Qb_OlnyvJS0jOaDfJ9y-PI3niddNVj25S9sbjI8ekhWkdJyERTtB1MkBFnBTY-Y1K68WFN0/s1600/B_04838.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1200" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2y1ML1e6YrPpgeZzcXUqaPycwI44pgf8I3P7rMFuwqpPDhsofITldGgsIVseUJjyitrS8Qb_OlnyvJS0jOaDfJ9y-PI3niddNVj25S9sbjI8ekhWkdJyERTtB1MkBFnBTY-Y1K68WFN0/s320/B_04838.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
The latest addition to Seco’s range of face milling tools, the Double Quattromill 22, is extremely aggressive in terms of performance. How aggressive? For roughing and semi-finishing operations, this cutter can boost depths of cut to as high as 9 mm (0.35") with its 45° rake angle version and to 11 mm (0.43") with a 68° version. In machining, these aggressive cuts mean equally aggressive cost savings, especially when performed using a cutter with eight multi-cutting-edge inserts.<br />
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Perfect for today’s machine tools with powerful milling capabilities, the Double Quattromill 22 achieves its aggressiveness through a number of design features that elevate these tools above and beyond the competition. The first feature most machinists will notice is the Idun cutter body, an environmentally friendly alternative to the more common nickel coatings found on most cutter bodies. An exceptionally durable, corrosion-resistant tool steel, Idun adds considerable longevity to the cutter’s overall lifespan, and with a special post-treatment, the tool’s tough surface finish resists marring when handling or machining. The cutter bodies are available with diameters ranging from 3.0" to 12.5" (80 to 315 mm).<br />
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For additional durability and productivity, Seco designed the Idun body to include features like patented flute surface textures and flute spacing configuration for improved chip evacuation. Perhaps the most important aspect of the design, however, is the high-axial rake angles. Unlike other cutters with double-sided inserts, the Double Quattromill 22 produces lower cutting forces and requires less machine power consumption than the competition. The 45° lead angle version of the cutter provides the lowest cutting forces, while the 68° version can be used closer to walls or part fixtures while still providing greater depths of cut than a shoulder mill.<br />
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In addition to two lead angle options, manufacturers can also select Double Quattromill 22 bodies with fixed pockets in two different pitch options – standard pockets with differential pitch for good chip evacuation and reliable performance on less powerful machines, and close-pitch pockets for high-feed cutting with short-chipping materials – or cassette-style pockets for run-out reduction. All of the cutter bodies feature through-coolant designs.<br />
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The Double Quattromill 22’s inserts have also been designed from the ground up for highly aggressive face milling, with three free-cutting inserts available per rake angle type. The ME12 geometry is ideal for sticky materials like titanium and stainless steel, as well as operations that require operators to overcome horsepower limitations. The M12 geometry features a sharper edge suitable for some tool steels and superalloys in addition to stickier materials, providing good flexibility without raising cutting forces. Lastly, the M18 geometry has the best edge protection for abrasive-to-machine materials, beneficial when cutting parts from steels, tool steels and cast irons.<br />
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Interested in learning more about the Double Quattromill 22? Contact your local Seco sales representative or visit <a href="http://www.secotools.com/">www.secotools.com</a>.Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-62821028720118531472018-01-30T12:49:00.000-08:002018-01-30T12:49:44.182-08:00When It's Time to Turn to Engineered Solutions<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEuPAaZQT17pp-mJa6MdVWtbwDSXD0ntCyUF9MKGrouMZL-65abB3sV_n85RtQ-VTORfDul04azwz0NvdtYtK9Yi09Z0u9cEpIdZtRvrDXGmWlDO14J5U97mgtO47V5v-ZnkdYF30CLfU/s1600/engineered-solutions.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEuPAaZQT17pp-mJa6MdVWtbwDSXD0ntCyUF9MKGrouMZL-65abB3sV_n85RtQ-VTORfDul04azwz0NvdtYtK9Yi09Z0u9cEpIdZtRvrDXGmWlDO14J5U97mgtO47V5v-ZnkdYF30CLfU/s1600/engineered-solutions.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEuPAaZQT17pp-mJa6MdVWtbwDSXD0ntCyUF9MKGrouMZL-65abB3sV_n85RtQ-VTORfDul04azwz0NvdtYtK9Yi09Z0u9cEpIdZtRvrDXGmWlDO14J5U97mgtO47V5v-ZnkdYF30CLfU/s320/engineered-solutions.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
By <a href="mailto:bob.goulding@secotools.com">Bob Goulding</a>, Machine Tool Business Development Manager and <a href="mailto:tom.funke@secotools.com">Tom Funke</a>, CET Manager<br />
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Never before have we in the manufacturing world had to do more with less. Shops across the country face skilled labor shortages, demanding customers, unforgiving production schedules as well as the increasing complexity of parts and the equipment used to produce them. All this while experts tell us that we need to “constantly improve,” a goal that’s tough to reach when all you can do is react to the latest challenge.<br />
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Seco can help. Our Engineered Solutions team represents a company-wide commitment to comprehensive support for your operations – we sweat the process optimization details and you reap the profits without disrupting your work in the slightest. Our best and brightest engineering minds work hard to develop comprehensive solutions, and the results – an increase in productivity of 25 percent or more – speak for themselves.<br />
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To obtain the best results, shops must begin with the part and ask themselves what is the most optimized way to produce it. And whether a situation involves a new or existing process, our experts will then meet with yours so we can get a thorough understanding of your needs and goals. We’ll take all that information back with us to our headquarters in Troy, Michigan, where the Engineered Solutions team will get started on your project.<br />
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Our workflow begins with a simple question: “What is the most efficient result that can be obtained with these inputs?” We usually find our answer after a quick look through the archives; few projects today involve any real unknowns for Seco. Instead of spending valuable time reinventing another wheel, we apply our expertise to the customer-supplied data and evaluate cost-per-unit, projected cycle times, machine capacity and other factors to create a documented process.<br />
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After we’ve finished our research, we present our findings directly to you in the form of a complete proposal. This is no simple summary of our investigation – our Engineered Solutions team will describe exactly how to optimally produce the part, including the equipment used and how to apply it. We not only define the best cutting processes, but also the best machines, tools and accessories as well as the optimized cutting data.<br />
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With your approval, we’ll then go on to turn the plan into a reality. We’ll quickly build any required custom products in our 35,000-square-foot, state-of-the-art production facility in Troy, conduct runoffs, then have it delivered directly to your facility. Our Engineered Solutions staff will be there when it’s time to install any components and initiate the new process. As far as Seco is concerned, we’re not finished until you are running parts that meet your exact specifications.<br />
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Even after the project is “finished,” we remain fully committed to your continued success. A new process is useless without someone to manage and maintain it, so our training staff will be on hand to work directly with your operators on the process and to fine tuning cutting data. Likewise, even after you have all the aspects of the process set up and running smoothly, Seco will remain a resource you can call on any time you have a question or need support.<br />
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Now is the time to join the many other shops that have enjoyed cycle time reductions or cost-per-unit savings of 25 percent or more upon optimizing their part processes with Seco. And since there’s no cost to you until after you’ve accepted our proposal, choosing Seco as your process optimization partner is a no-brainer. For more information, talk to your local Seco salesperson or contact Engineered Solutions directly by phone at 1-800-896-2593 or by email at epd@secotools.com.Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-79794991549445295212017-10-27T11:43:00.000-07:002017-10-27T11:43:24.835-07:00Teaching the Techies: 3 Tips for Educating Technical ProfessionalsAll students learn differently, and nowhere is this more evident than when it comes to teaching engineers, techies and other students who fall under the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) umbrella. Tailored teaching approaches ensure that students retain information and gain the confidence to implement what they’ve learned. And as these students enter and progress in their chosen fields, these educational methodologies provide a platform for continued learning. Here are three ways to help your students/trainees prosper and succeed in the classroom and in the world beyond:<br />
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<b>1. Find Out What Moves Them</b><br />
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For example, consider machinists in training programs. Since the prospect of abundant and lucrative employment opportunities will likely motivate them, you can emphasize how the subject matter being taught will help the students become more valuable to potential employers. And while new cutting tool technologies and how they will benefit production operations may be what motivates a group of shop engineers in a cutting tool training class, future cutting tool distributors and salespeople in that same class may be more interested in how they can more effectively sell these new products to their customers. Learn why your students are in your classroom and use that knowledge to keep them engaged.<br />
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<b>2. Go Greek</b><br />
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Engineers and other technical professionals report being more likely to grasp the subject matter once they comprehend the logic behind the new information and they realize the immediate cause and effect of implementation. Given that, one strategy for reaching these students is the long-established and popular Socratic method, which teaches through a series of questions that show students the ways in which the new information logically builds on what they already know while challenging them to continually reach for the next step. While many associate the Socratic method with law school, education experts have argued that it’s particularly well-suited for teaching scientific subjects. As students take ownership of the lesson, they prove to themselves the usefulness of the new information, making it an excellent fit for technical types.<br />
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<b>3. Get Physical</b><br />
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The kinesthetic method – or as it’s more commonly known, hands-on learning – is another great way to reach STEM students. To apply this method to teaching about cutting tool innovations, for instance, you can have students implement the information they just learned by running the tools on live machines. The students experience immediate results and can then tweak the cutting parameters through trial and error in a risk-free setting. This process builds their confidence and increases the likelihood that they will be successful in continuing to use their newly acquired skills and knowledge. Obviously, this teaching method requires access to the necessary tools or machinery, but advanced simulation software and portable simulation systems can mimic machine behavior and provide students with the same experience they would have if they were actually in front of a real machine.<br />
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<u>About the Author</u><br />
Don is the manager of education and technical services for Seco, responsible for all educational activCutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-74871324921152250402017-10-19T12:59:00.000-07:002017-10-19T12:59:46.230-07:00Ten Steps to Peak Performance and ProductivityTo remain competitive and profitable, you continually seek the most economical and productive ways to accomplish your work. Unfortunately, unless you’re a global industrial giant, you may feel that productivity improvements are out of reach. But quite the opposite is true. There are many ways to take control of operational improvements and optimize your shop practices without breaking the bank, and ten of them are listed here. <br />
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<b>1. Intelligent budget control</b><br />
A common approach to budgeting in metalworking operations is to acquire every element of the process at the lowest price possible. However, it is best not to base your shop’s tool selection on price alone. Before discussing prices, consider the desired end results. If a tight-tolerance, top-quality part is the goal, more-expensive precision tooling will be required to machine it. On the other hand, when quality demands are less stringent, a portion of the capabilities of high-precision tools will be wasted. Recognizing the ultimate goal of the process is the first step in cost-effective purchasing decisions.<br />
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<b>2. Intelligent handling of constraints</b><br />
Real-world metalworking operations are bound by practical constraints that include machine power and stability and customer demands in terms of dimensions and surface finish quality. Simply reducing your cutting parameters overall is not an intelligent way to deal with process constraints. The combination of decreasing depths of cut and increasing feedrate, for instance, can improve your shop’s productivity within the constraint of limited machine power.<br />
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<b>3. Tool application rationalization</b><br />
Typically, shops make tool application choices one operation at a time, choosing a specific tool to create a certain feature on a part then picking another tool to machine another different feature. Each tool is programmed and optimized separately, representing separate programming and administrative costs. An alternative is a specialized custom tool that cuts multiple features, but these tools can be expensive.<br />
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Between these two extremes, shops could opt for a standard tool engineered to perform more than one operation. Even if such multi-purpose tools do not operate at the optimized cutting parameters of the separate tools they replace, the standard multi-purpose tool provides savings in tooling, programming, tool change time and inventory costs.<br />
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<b>4. Complex workpiece approach (group technology)</b><br />
To expedite the machining of complex parts, view similar features as a group and choose a tool optimized for a certain operation, such as holemaking, that is repeated on different parts. The optimized tool will maximize productivity and also reduce cost when considering the engineering time that goes into repetitively programming tools for each separate part. This approach also helps reduce your tool inventory.<br />
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<b>5. Achieving minimal functional workpiece quality</b><br />
Although initially the concept may seem strange, it is necessary to achieve only the lowest possible workpiece quality that meets your customer specifications and functional requirements. There is no need to exceed those requirements. If a part tolerance is 5 microns, achieving 3 microns is a waste of time and money. Higher quality tooling and more precise operating processes will be required to achieve the tighter tolerance. But customers will refuse to pay for such unrequested higher quality, and the job will be a money-losing proposition for your shop.<br />
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<b>6. Predictive tool maintenance</b><br />
Traditional tool maintenance is reactive. When a tool wears out or breaks, it is replaced. That approach, however, generates costs beyond those of the tool itself, including manufacturing process downtime and possible damage to the workpiece. Preventive tool maintenance is a step beyond reactive maintenance and is based on replacing the tool before it reaches its shortest expected working life to be sure that the change is made before the tool wears out too much or breaks.<br />
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<b>7. Tool inventory control</b><br />
Tool inventory control is different than tool management. Tool inventory control is an effort to rationalize and consolidate the number of tools your shop possesses to focus on what is really needed. If tools are not rationalized before being loaded into an automated tool dispenser, the result is simply automated disarray.<br />
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<b>8. Practical work analysis</b><br />
Many shop activities needed for the production of a finished workpiece do not directly add value. These include fixturing the workpiece on the machine and writing the machining program. Such non-value-added tasks should be completed as fast as possible and in a way that minimizes their effect on your total cost of production. Automation can accomplish tasks such as part loading and fixturing and save time and money. When analysing work activities and costs, it is essential to consider all the contributors to part production time.<br />
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<b>9. Practical application of optimization</b><br />
Rarely does a process work exactly as planned, and it is at this point where optimization of the operations in terms of speed, reliability and other factors is necessary. Most shops also seek to improve ongoing processes. Practical optimization enables your shop to find technical and economic benefits in a combination of feed, speed and depth of cut that produces the desired results.<br />
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<b>10. Intelligent introduction of new technology</b><br />
Today’s manufacturers face a range of relatively new challenges including mandates for sustainability and environmental protection. Intelligent introduction of new technologies and processes enables your shop to fulfil these challenges. Dry machining, for example, permits your facility to reduce the use of coolants, which in turn reduces the potential effects of the fluids on the environment, as well as the cost of safely disposing of them. Improving process parameters and production tooling performance will result in measureable savings in energy expenditures.<br />
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<u>About the Author</u><br />
Don is the manager of education and technical services for Seco, responsible for all educational activities for the NAFTA market, new product testing and various other technical functions. Outside of work, he enjoys making maple syrup, restoring antique tractors and farming.Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-2080450073766323992017-07-26T07:30:00.000-07:002017-07-26T07:30:19.474-07:00Modern Manufacturers Need More Brains Than BrawnOne of the biggest problems today’s manufacturers face is the shortage of good machinists and skilled technicians. As technology continues to advance at a rapid pace, companies find it tough to fill positions that require high skill sets.<br />
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Hordes of baby boomers in the manufacturing sector continue to retire, and they leave behind myriads of open jobs. Unfortunately, most young people show zero interest in such a career path and instead buy into the myth that a four-year college is the only way to get ahead in life. <br />
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Although today’s manufacturing companies are a major source of high-tech innovation, wealth creation and plenty of high-paying careers, the industry still suffers from a negative image of “working the line.” To change this mindset, Seco has created a proactive, comprehensive internship program to educate students about future manufacturing career opportunities as well as help them gain real-world experience. The company’s program targets college-level students.<br />
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In a partnership with Ferris State University (FSU) in Big Rapids, Michigan, Seco offers local area engineering students an opportunity to participate in a multi-year internship program. It invites the top three engineering applicants to participate for an initial first year internship. Then, based on their interest and performance, the students are potentially asked back for a second year. Once a student graduates from the program, Seco often presents an offer of employment at one of its several U.S. locations.<br />
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Under the guidance of seasoned mentors, Seco interns experience a combination of classroom training and real-world business experience while earning their degree at FSU. The first-year interns take part in technical training and the development of custom tooling. They will also learn to further develop their machining skills by utilizing advanced machining technologies and accompany Seco applications specialists on outside customer calls. All these facets of the program ensure students receive a comprehensive overview of all their potential areas of interest.<br />
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During their second year, interns are often sent out-of-state to shadow an experienced sales rep and make professional sales calls for on-the-job experience. Students participating in the sales portion of the internship program are paid competitive wages during the internship and receive assistance with housing placement and living expenses. Seco also provides a company car to all second-year students.<br />
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In light of its company-wide “family spirit” values, Seco ensures that students/interns are taken care of and have all the tools they need to succeed. Because Seco takes care of everything, the students’ parents don’t worry about their son or daughter moving to a new city and having to locate and pay for housing or, in the case second-year sales program students, a car either.<br />
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Seco’s internship program has been in place for several years, and feedback has been extremely positive. The majority of students who complete the program end up working for Seco, and it has placed second year students all over the country from South Carolina to Texas and California. Most of these students will have a job offer from Seco before they even graduate. <br />
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It’s a win-win model that benefits everyone. Students receive an education with the promise of a great career, and Seco gains skilled job candidates that know their job before they even join the payroll.<br />
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<b>Visit Seco at FSU’s Career Fair this fall</b><br />
Engineering students interested in securing an internship with Seco should plan to<br />
Visit the Seco booth at FSU’s Career Fair to be held this October. Inquiries may also be directed to Andrew Nalian via Email at: <a href="mailto:Andrew.Nalian@secotools.com">Andrew.Nalian@secotools.com</a>.<br />
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Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-22654888631713987582017-07-18T12:09:00.000-07:002017-07-18T12:10:26.756-07:00Add Some High Performance to Your Optimized RoughingBy <a href="mailto:jay.ball@secotools.com" target="_blank">Jay Ball</a> - Product Manager, Solid Carbide End Mills<br />
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Conventional optimized roughing strategies call for shallow radial stepovers and high depths of cut with multi-flute cutting tools. Now, imagine how much more productive the strategy would be if it were possible to up those stepovers to as much as 70 percent of the cutting tool’s diameter. With today’s innovative continuously variable geometry end mills, such stepovers are possible and standard operating procedure for a new version of the strategy referred to as high-performance optimized roughing (HPOR) that also requires high-performance machine tools and toolholders as well as specialized CAM software.<br />
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Much like high-feed tools, continuously variable geometry end mills perform best when they are fully loaded in the cut as opposed to lightly loaded. Therefore, the radial stepovers of 12 percent or less of a tool’s diameter typically used in optimized roughing prove much too shallow to work well for optimized roughing with these advanced end mills – such as the Niagara Cutter Stabilizer 2.0 – that operate best with stepovers of at least 20 percent or more of the tool’s diameter.<br />
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To handle such high stepovers, these new age end mills sport robust core designs and a high heat and abrasion resistant AlTiN coating. At such aggressive stepovers, chip evacuation is key and having the right combination of core diameter and flute spacing is crucial to a tools optimal performance.<br />
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But what really makes Stabilizer 2.0 so strong is its patented continuously variable geometry that eliminates detrimental harmonics and chatter vibrations. Other conventional end mills are unable to withstand such depths of cut and metal removal rates and will most likely fail if a shop tries to use them for HPOR.<br />
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With the Stabilizer 2.0 geometry, each of the tool’s cutting edges varies from front to back and differs from the one next to it. Additionally, each of the tool’s four flutes are spaced at different degrees from one another instead of evenly at 90 degrees apart. The helix, radial relief, radial clearance and indexing are all varied. And, any given point along the cutting edge of each flute is different from another point on that same flute as well as varies from any points on the other three flutes.<br />
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In addition to the cutting tools themselves, machine tools must have heavy-duty high-torque and high-horsepower spindles such as CAT 50, HSK100A and HSK125A. HPOR can be performed on lighter duty machine tools with CAT 40 and HSK63A spindles, but caution must be used not to overload or max out the machine’s horsepower capabilities. With such strong forces in play from the machine tool spindle, toolholding must be equally rigid to minimize runout, and standard side-lock holders with set screws or heavy-duty mill chucks are the best choices. Most shrinkfit holders and collets lack the ability to hold variable geometry tools in place under such high-powered cutting conditions.<br />
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Currently, HPOR is mainly used in European markets, but shops in North America are realizing the benefits of this new strategy. In fact, several CAD/CAM software developers have already created the necessary CAM software needed for HPOR.<br />
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Because continuously variable geometry end mills, like Stabilizer 2.0, are stronger and better at eliminating harmonics than any of their predecessors, shops can adapt cutting strategies to optimize the new tools’ capabilities. These cutting tools, along with the right machine tools, toolholders and software, can significantly boost a shop’s metal removal rates.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgehsIfkEBGng6vgjGle7fv60jrXfOtSFT9HaHvxGZYqo38mvAnd7LzefD-1hY-tEUT7va3Kylnn-qPPHomXLilx2N7b-hbSbN1UzgfTHd-3L05fb_txmJRfZ6FSEgn5IxEAQdePHwXNNw/s1600/Jay+Ball+headshot.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgehsIfkEBGng6vgjGle7fv60jrXfOtSFT9HaHvxGZYqo38mvAnd7LzefD-1hY-tEUT7va3Kylnn-qPPHomXLilx2N7b-hbSbN1UzgfTHd-3L05fb_txmJRfZ6FSEgn5IxEAQdePHwXNNw/s200/Jay+Ball+headshot.jpeg" width="133" /></a></div>
<u>About the Author</u><br />
Jay has been with Seco for more than 10 years. As a key member of the product management team, he is responsible for Seco’s solid carbide end mill products in North America. He works closely with global R&D on new innovations to ensure they meet the necessary market requirements. He also provides technical support for high-speed hard milling and micro milling operations, including CAD file review, tooling selections and programming recomCutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-14195470884690715682017-05-26T08:23:00.000-07:002017-05-26T08:23:06.368-07:00Better Chip Control Improves Safety on Shop Floor<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMySG6mUtB9KfFMUE5NS4MOBX-jAQdGdiDfn55nfKPhcs8nOnXrUcGYnbaGxhMuV4fhwGX-VumXjNXVl3kj0yBypkt6E0ce1mS4d1QoSc4KpN_rqX0TXu-F1idQRbCpz042_ZfuzI1IWs/s1600/010008_HQ_IMG_Short_Comma_Chips.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1065" data-original-width="1600" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMySG6mUtB9KfFMUE5NS4MOBX-jAQdGdiDfn55nfKPhcs8nOnXrUcGYnbaGxhMuV4fhwGX-VumXjNXVl3kj0yBypkt6E0ce1mS4d1QoSc4KpN_rqX0TXu-F1idQRbCpz042_ZfuzI1IWs/s320/010008_HQ_IMG_Short_Comma_Chips.jpg" width="320" /></a>Safety is a top priority for shop owners, and we’ve seen significant improvements by our customers in development of workplace safety procedures and better training. As an example, when our sales reps visit your facilities, they are often required to watch a safety video before even going onto the shop floor.<br />
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One area of focus in many shops is better chip control. Usually when we think of chips and the problems they cause, surface quality and productivity issues are first to come to mind. But more shop owners are becoming keenly aware of the safety hazards chips cause and understand that the best form of precaution is to control chip formation.<br />
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When machining materials with low amounts of carbon, such as mild-steel and austenitic stainless steel, it’s common for long, stringy chips to form and tangle around the tool and workpiece forming “bird nests.” Operators must stop the machine to untangle the chips from around the tooling, which can be dangerously sharp. They also must frequently empty chip hoppers. Anytime a machine operator reaches into a machine, there is potential for an injury to occur. Alleviating the need to clear chips reduces this risk.<br />
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There are several tooling solutions and best practices for dealing with problematic chips. First, let’s look at chip-breaking technology. There is a good selection of chipbreaker insert geometries available today. These effectively control the formation of chips so they break off and move out of the cutting zone. For example, there are finishing chipbreakers that are specially designed for smaller depths of cut less than 0.060" and low feed rates of 0.003"-0.012" in/rev. These chipbreakers are narrow in the front and have a pit or dimple and a very large rake angle at the nose. There are also chipbreakers designed specifically for roughing which typically have negative T-lands for edge strength and for breaking chips at heavier depths of cut.<br />
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The important thing to remember when choosing chipbreakers is to match the chipbreaker to the application. To be effective, you must create the right combination of tool geometry, cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut for the workpiece material. <br />
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It’s best to follow the general rule of running cutting tools at their maximum allowable depths of cut to create the more desired comma-shaped chips that break off and quickly evacuate. Smaller depths tend to produce spiral-shaped chips, which don’t behave as nicely.<br />
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Likewise, chip breaking can be improved by optimizing the feed rate. In most cases, to ensure ideally shaped chips, the minimum feed rate in turning applications should not be less than the chipbreaker’s recommended feed rate, and the maximum feed rate should not exceed the tool’s nose radius.<br />
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Another way to control chips is by using a direct coolant system, which can effectively increase chip removal. Our Jetstream Tooling™ channels coolant directly to the insert through small-diameter apertures to produce an acute high velocity “jet stream” that penetrates the precise friction zone between the cutting edge and the workpiece. The result is superior lubrication, cooling and chip removal.<br />
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As you search for ways to improve safety on your shop floor, be sure not to overlook your chip control strategies. Contact us to learn more about our assortment of chip control solutions.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9U29xTlX9KWQBLmHerpLuZJ4Cf0TdqCM4uCYuLBGw6YDhVWgrfTB5ZSjW9cyV7gdEia4fra3fDdRnlU2wlx4KBDGsez-offNK-VbyddFBy7wuqHC_WmAj9Ys64EZLyFeZ1Imqa66TFAo/s1600/DSC_0463_Don.jpg.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9U29xTlX9KWQBLmHerpLuZJ4Cf0TdqCM4uCYuLBGw6YDhVWgrfTB5ZSjW9cyV7gdEia4fra3fDdRnlU2wlx4KBDGsez-offNK-VbyddFBy7wuqHC_WmAj9Ys64EZLyFeZ1Imqa66TFAo/s200/DSC_0463_Don.jpg.jpeg" width="115" /></a><u>About the Author</u><br />
As product manager for threading and grooving at Seco, Don is responsible for threading, threadmilling, cut-off, grooving and oil field chasers. In his spare time, he enjoys restoring old motorcycles. Contact Don at dhalas@secotools.com.<br />
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<br />Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6529981041216669813.post-34187221409207986762017-04-17T08:06:00.000-07:002017-04-17T08:06:18.490-07:00Industry Trends Steer Cutting Tool Development<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM2myYzYgWi1sgTMcAuerboVe0Oi-jXj5Vtf3dPWa44EYgT6-23PBrAppAKzo4_vuOT4J_i8lrZmM-8Ci1Cqq0N5vo1_OS5uhOu4ZXrA-I3Tpb7fIn2zQCxZw6J6kGDp_Xkva_AzIQqLM/s1600/004078_HQ_IMG_Oil_Pumps_Stock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM2myYzYgWi1sgTMcAuerboVe0Oi-jXj5Vtf3dPWa44EYgT6-23PBrAppAKzo4_vuOT4J_i8lrZmM-8Ci1Cqq0N5vo1_OS5uhOu4ZXrA-I3Tpb7fIn2zQCxZw6J6kGDp_Xkva_AzIQqLM/s320/004078_HQ_IMG_Oil_Pumps_Stock.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
Manufacturing trends – such as the softening or growth of certain industry segments, the use of technologies like 3D printing or processes li<br />
ke near net shape manufacturing – all have direct impacts on cutting tool product development. As a leading cutting tool manufacturer, we strive to not only keep pace with the natural progression of the industry, but also to set new standards in tool development and performance.<br />
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Aerotek, a leading provider of industrial staffing services, recently released its second annual list of “Opportunities in Manufacturing” that includes the top 10 fast growing U.S. industries for manufacturing employment. Topping the list is Oil and Gas Field Machinery Equipment with seven percent employment growth in 2015-2016, which coincides with a recent uptick in activity from our oil and gas customers who have shown increased interest in our patented long reach Steadyline® shell mill holders. These tools excel at reaching difficult-to-access machining areas, such as large, complex workpieces and deep cavities, and oil and gas manufacturers use them for pipe and coupling manufacturing.<br />
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High-performance threading solutions are another need for customers in the oil and gas industry. We recently introduced new Thread Chaser inserts for pitch-perfect threading. The inserts provide the speed, reliability, accuracy and precision gauging of threads needed to meet the demanding requirements of the oil and gas industry and other industry segments requiring special threads such as API and common licensed thread types.<br />
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The versatile Thread Chaser tool features inserts for both push and pull threading of ID features and push for OD threading using multi-tooth patterns for fast two-pass threading. The system’s multi-tooth inserts have precise thread patterns that quickly and reliably generate high-accuracy, consistently perfect thread pitches for couplings and pipe materials in a wide range of hardness.<br />
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Thread Chaser inserts increase productivity by reducing threading passes and decreasing cycle time. The tools use a special substrate and coating, and feature through-coolant holes and chip formers to direct high-pressure (up to 210 bar) coolant precisely to cutting edges to optimize chip formation/evacuation and extend insert life. Inserts are available in push or pull and push sets of one, two or three sets on pipe to accommodate various thread machine types.<br />
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In addition to the development of new tool technology to meet these types of specialized needs, we are continuing to meet the needs created by the use of different materials in new applications. Sticking with the oil and gas industry for illustration, manufacturers are now switching from steel to stainless steel in the manufacturing of the giant valves in fracking pumps to extend the life of the valves.<br />
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This change means more opportunities for the development of products featuring our Duratomic® technology which achieves the elusive balance of toughness and hardness when machining steel alloys and other workpiece materials such as cast irons and stainless steels.<br />
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Duratomic technology has been proven to improve productivity by at least 20 percent in average turning applications. Furthermore, it features an innovative used-edge detection technology that uses an approximately 0.1µm-thick chrome-colored coating that clearly identifies a used insert edge when black aluminum oxide shows through. These high-contrast used-edge marks allow operators on busy shop floors to easily spot them and do not impact tool performance or machining-related parameters such as cutting data. As a result, manufacturers can process more parts per edge, limit production interruptions and reduce waste. <br />
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These are just a few examples of how we are at the forefront of cutting tool development. In addition to responding to current market trends with more advanced cutting tools, we also provide custom design services to meet customers’ unique needs. So, whatever your tooling need, please give us a call. We’d love to help you find the right solution.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9U29xTlX9KWQBLmHerpLuZJ4Cf0TdqCM4uCYuLBGw6YDhVWgrfTB5ZSjW9cyV7gdEia4fra3fDdRnlU2wlx4KBDGsez-offNK-VbyddFBy7wuqHC_WmAj9Ys64EZLyFeZ1Imqa66TFAo/s1600/DSC_0463_Don.jpg.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9U29xTlX9KWQBLmHerpLuZJ4Cf0TdqCM4uCYuLBGw6YDhVWgrfTB5ZSjW9cyV7gdEia4fra3fDdRnlU2wlx4KBDGsez-offNK-VbyddFBy7wuqHC_WmAj9Ys64EZLyFeZ1Imqa66TFAo/s200/DSC_0463_Don.jpg.jpeg" width="115" /></a></div>
<u>About the Author</u><br />
As product manager for threading and grooving at Seco, Don is responsible for threading, threadmilling, cut-off, grooving and oil field chasers. In his spare time, he enjoys restoring old motorcycles. Contact Don at dhalas@secotools.com.Cutting Edge Conversationhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06341529340952930915noreply@blogger.com3